Ibisobanuro:Turbocharger nimwe mubyingenzi kandi nimwe muburyo bwiza bwo kuzamura moteri ya mazutu.Mugihe umuvuduko wo kongera imbaraga, imbaraga za moteri ya mazutu yiyongera ugereranije.Kubwibyo, iyo turbocharger imaze gukora bidasanzwe cyangwa ikananirwa, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya moteri ya mazutu.Nk’uko iperereza ryakozwe, byagaragaye ko kunanirwa kwa turbocharger biri mu byananiranye na moteri ya mazutu mu myaka yashize Ifite igice kinini.Habaho kwiyongera buhoro buhoro.Muri byo, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko, kwiyongera, no kumena amavuta nibyo bikunze kugaragara, kandi nabyo ni bibi cyane.Iyi ngingo yibanze ku ihame ryakazi rya moteri ya mazutu ya mazutu, ikoreshwa rya supercharger mu kubungabunga, no guca imanza zananiranye, hanyuma igasesengura impamvu zifatika zatewe no kunanirwa kwishyurwa ryimbitse, ikanatanga ibintu bimwe na bimwe byatewe mubihe nyirizina. nuburyo bukwiye bwo gukemura ibibazo.
Ijambo ryibanze:moteri ya mazutu;turbocharger;compressor
Ubwa mbere, supercharger irakora
Supercharger ukoresheje ingufu za moteri ya moteri ni mbi, kuzunguruka kwa turbine kugirango utware compressor impeller izunguruka kuri coaxial yihuta kandi byihutishwa numuzamu wumuvuduko urinda amazu ya compressor hamwe numwuka wa compressor kuri moteri Silinderi yongerera amafaranga ya silinderi kugeza ongera imbaraga za moteri.
Icya kabiri, gukoresha no gufata neza turbocharger
Supercharger ikora kumuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bwa turbine bwinjira burashobora kugera kuri 650 ℃, hagomba kwitabwaho byumwihariko mugukora imirimo yo kubungabunga.
1. Kubintu bishya cyangwa byasanwe na turbocharger, koresha amaboko kugirango uhindure rotor mbere yo kwishyiriraho kugirango urebe ukuzenguruka kwa rotor.Mubihe bisanzwe, rotor igomba kuzunguruka byihuse kandi byoroshye, nta urusaku cyangwa urusaku rudasanzwe.Reba imiyoboro yo gufata ya compressor kandi niba hari imyanda iri mu muyoboro wa moteri ya moteri.Niba hari imyanda, igomba gusukurwa neza.Reba niba amavuta yo kwisiga yaranduye cyangwa yangiritse kandi agomba gusimburwa namavuta mashya.Mugihe usimbuye amavuta mashya yo gusiga, reba amavuta yo kuyungurura, sukura cyangwa usimbuze ikintu gishya cyo kuyungurura.Nyuma yo gusimbuza cyangwa gusukura ibintu byungurura, akayunguruzo kagomba kuzuzwa amavuta meza yo gusiga.Reba amavuta yinjira hanyuma usubize imiyoboro ya turbocharger.Ntabwo hagomba kubaho kugoreka, gusibanganya, cyangwa guhagarika.
2. Supercharger igomba gushyirwaho neza, kandi ihuriro riri hagati yimiyoboro yinjira nu mwuka hamwe na brake ya supercharger igomba gufungwa byimazeyo.Bitewe no kwaguka k'ubushyuhe iyo umuyoboro usohora ukora, ingingo zisanzwe zihujwe n'inzogera.
3. Amavuta yo gusiga amavuta ya supercharger, witondere guhuza umuyoboro wamavuta kugirango inzira yamavuta idafungwa.Umuvuduko wamavuta ukomeza kuri 200-400 kPa mugihe gisanzwe.Iyo moteri idakora, igitutu cyamavuta ya turbocharger ntigomba kuba munsi ya 80 kPa.
4. Kanda umuyoboro ukonjesha kugirango amazi akonje agire isuku kandi ntakumirwa.
5. Huza akayunguruzo ko mu kirere kandi ugumane isuku.Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko ukabije ntushobora kurenga mm 500 ya mercure, kuko kugabanuka k'umuvuduko ukabije bizatera amavuta muri turbocharger.
6. Ukurikije umuyoboro usohoka, umuyoboro wo hanze usohoka hamwe na muffler, imiterere rusange igomba kuba yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa.
7. Turbine inlet gazi isohoka ntigomba kurenza dogere selisiyusi 650.Niba ubushyuhe bwa gaze ya gaze isanze ari ndende cyane kandi umuvuduko ugaragara nkumutuku, hagarara ako kanya kugirango ubone impamvu.
8. Moteri imaze gutangira, witondere igitutu cyinjira muri turbocharger.Hagomba kubaho igitutu cyerekana mumasegonda 3, bitabaye ibyo turbocharger izashya kubera kubura amavuta.Moteri imaze gutangira, igomba gukoreshwa nta mutwaro kugirango igumane amavuta nubushyuhe.Irashobora gukoreshwa nu mutwaro gusa nyuma yubusanzwe.Iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi, igihe cyo gukora kigomba kongerwa muburyo bukwiye.
9. Reba kandi ukureho amajwi adasanzwe no kunyeganyega bya supercharger igihe icyo aricyo cyose.Itegereze umuvuduko nubushyuhe bwamavuta yo gusiga amavuta ya turbocharger igihe icyo aricyo cyose.Ubushyuhe bwa turbine bwinjira ntibushobora kurenga kubisabwa.Niba hari ikintu kidasanzwe kibonetse, imashini igomba gufungwa kugirango imenye icyayiteye.
10. Iyo moteri iri kumuvuduko mwinshi nuburemere bwuzuye, birabujijwe rwose kuyihagarika ako kanya keretse habaye ibyihutirwa.Umuvuduko ugomba kugabanuka buhoro buhoro kugirango ukureho umutwaro.Noneho uhagarare nta mutwaro muminota 5 kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwa turbocharger kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi no kubura amavuta.
11. Reba niba imiyoboro yinjira nogusohoka ya compressor idahwitse.Niba hari guturika no guhumeka ikirere, iyikure mugihe.Kuberako niba compressor inlet umuyoboro wacitse.Umwuka uzinjira muri compressor uhereye kumeneka.Imyanda izatera kwangiriza uruziga rwa compressor, kandi imiyoboro ya compressor isohoka imiyoboro iracika kandi isohoka, ibyo bikaba bizatera umwuka udahagije winjira muri silinderi ya moteri, bikaviramo kwangirika kwaka.
12. Reba niba imiyoboro ya peteroli yinjira nogusohoka ya turbocharger idahwitse, kandi ukureho imyanda yose mugihe.
13. Reba ibifunga hamwe nimbuto za turbocharger.Niba bolts yimutse, turbocharger izangirika kubera kunyeganyega.Muri icyo gihe, umuvuduko wa turbocharger uzagabanuka bitewe n’amazi ya pisine yamenetse, bigatuma umwuka udahagije.
Icya gatatu, isesengura nuburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo byamakosa asanzwe ya turbocharger
1. Turubarike ntishobora guhinduka mukuzunguruka.
SYMPTOM.Iyo ubushyuhe bwa moteri ya mazutu ari muke, umuyoboro usohora imyotsi yera, kandi iyo ubushyuhe bwa moteri buri hejuru, umuyoboro usohora imyotsi yumukara, naho igice cyumwotsi kikamurika kandi kigazenguruka, igice cyumwotsi kikaba cyibanze kandi yarekuwe hejuru.
UBUSHAKASHATSI.Iyo moteri ya mazutu ihagaritswe, umva igihe cyo kuzenguruka kwa inertial rotor ya supercharger hamwe ninkoni ikurikirana, kandi rotor isanzwe irashobora gukomeza kuzunguruka yonyine muminota umwe.Binyuze mu kugenzura, byagaragaye ko turbocharger yinyuma yifunguye yonyine amasegonda make hanyuma irahagarara.Nyuma yo gukuraho turbocharger yinyuma, basanze harimo ububiko bwa karubone bwinshi muri turbine na volute.
GUSESENGURA.Guhinduranya bidasubirwaho bya turbocharger bivamo umurongo wa silinderi hamwe no kugabanuka kwumwuka hamwe nikigereranyo cyo kugabanuka.Iyo ubushyuhe bwa moteri buri hasi, lisansi muri silinderi ntishobora gutwikwa rwose, kandi igice cyayo gisohoka nkigihu, kandi gutwikwa ntikuzura mugihe ubushyuhe bwa moteri bwiyongereye.Umwotsi mwinshi wumukara, kubera ko turbocharger imwe gusa ari amakosa, gufata umwuka wa silindiri byombi biragaragara ko bitandukanye, bikavamo ibihe umwotsi mwinshi utatana igice ukaba wibanze.Hariho ibintu bibiri muburyo bwo gushiraho ububiko bwa kokiya: kimwe ni amavuta yamenetse ya turbocharger, Iya kabiri ni ugutwika kwuzuye kwa mazutu muri silinderi.
EXCLUDE.Banza ukureho ububiko bwa karubone, hanyuma usimbuze kashe ya turbocharger.Muri icyo gihe, hakwiye kwitabwaho kubungabunga no guhindura moteri ya mazutu, nko guhindura neza igihe cyagenwe, gusukura akayunguruzo ko mu kirere ku gihe, no gukosora inshinge kugira ngo bigabanye ishingwa rya karubone.
2. Amavuta ya turbocharger, akoresha amavuta mumuyaga
IBIMENYETSO.Iyo moteri ya mazutu yaka bisanzwe, birashobora kugaragara ko umuyoboro usohora imyotsi imwe kandi ikomeza umwotsi wubururu.Kubijyanye no gutwikwa bidasanzwe, biragoye kubona umwotsi wubururu kubera kwivanga kwumwotsi wera cyangwa umwotsi wirabura.
UBUSHAKASHATSI.Gusenya igifuniko cyanyuma cyumuyoboro wa moteri ya mazutu, urashobora kubona ko mumavuta yo gufata.Nyuma yo gukuraho supercharger, usanga kashe ya peteroli yambarwa.
GUSESENGURA.Akayunguruzo ko mu kirere karahagaritswe cyane, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko kuri compressor yinjira ni nini cyane, imbaraga za elastike ya compressor ya nyuma ya kashe ya peteroli impeta ni nto cyane cyangwa icyuho cya axial ni kinini cyane, aho gishyiraho ntabwo ari cyo, kandi gitakaza ubukana bwacyo. , na compressor impera ifunze.Umwobo wo mu kirere urahagaritswe, kandi umwuka wugarijwe ntushobora kwinjira inyuma yimodoka ya compressor.
EXCLUDE.Usanga turbocharger isohora amavuta, kashe ya peteroli igomba gusimburwa mugihe, kandi akayunguruzo ko mu kirere kagomba gusukurwa mugihe bibaye ngombwa, kandi umwobo wumwuka ugomba guhanagurwa.
3. kongera umuvuduko ukabije
impamvu yo gukora nabi
1. Akayunguruzo ko guhumeka hamwe no gufata ikirere birahagaritswe, kandi kurwanya umwuka ni binini.
2. Inzira ya compressor itemba yarangiritse, kandi umuyoboro wa moteri ya mazutu uratemba.
3. Umuyoboro usohoka wa moteri ya mazutu uratemba, kandi inzira ya turbine irahagarara, ibyo bikaba byongera umuvuduko winyuma kandi bikagabanya imikorere ya turbine.
Kuraho
1. Sukura akayunguruzo ko mu kirere
2. Sukura compressor volute kugirango ukureho umwuka.
3. Kurandura imyuka iva mu muyoboro usohora kandi usukure igikonoshwa cya turbine.
4. Compressor iriyongera.
Impamvu zo gutsindwa
1. Inzira yo gufata ikirere irahagaritswe, igabanya imyuka ihumeka.
2. Inzira ya gaz isohoka, harimo impeta ya nozzle ya turbine, irahagaritswe.
3. Moteri ya Diesel ikora mubihe bidasanzwe, nkimihindagurikire yimitwaro ikabije, guhagarika byihutirwa.
Kuramo
1. Sukura umuyaga usukuye, intercooler, umuyoboro ufata nibindi bice bifitanye isano.
2. Sukura ibice bya turbine.
3. Irinde imikorere idasanzwe mugihe cyo kuyikoresha, kandi ukore ukurikije imikorere.
4. Turubarike ifite umuvuduko muke.
Impamvu zo gutsindwa
1. Kubera amavuta akomeye yamenetse, kole ya peteroli cyangwa ububiko bwa karubone birundanya kandi bikabuza kuzenguruka rotor ya turbine.
2. Ikintu cyo gukwega magnetiki cyangwa kwangirika biterwa numwuka uzunguruka ahanini biterwa no kwambara gukabije kwimyenda cyangwa gukora munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe bukabije, bigatuma rotor ihinduka kandi ikangirika.
3. Gutwika umuriro kubera impamvu zikurikira:
A. Umuvuduko w'amavuta udahagije hamwe no gusiga nabi;
B. Ubushyuhe bwa peteroli ya moteri ni hejuru cyane;
C. Amavuta ya moteri ntabwo asukuye;
D. Impinduka zingirakamaro za rotor zirasenyutse;
E. Kwemeza inteko ntabwo byujuje ibisabwa Ibisabwa;
F. Gukoresha no gukora nabi.
Umuti
1. Kora isuku.
2. Kora gusenya no kugenzura, hanyuma usimbuze rotor nibiba ngombwa.
3. Shakisha icyabiteye, ukureho akaga kihishe, hanyuma usimbuze amaboko mashya areremba.
4. Supercharger ikora amajwi adasanzwe.
impamvu
1. Ikinyuranyo kiri hagati ya moteri ya rotor na case ni gito cyane, gitera magneti.
2. Isahani ireremba cyangwa isahani ireremba yambarwa cyane, kandi rotor ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ibyo bigatuma magnetiki yikaraga hagati yimodoka na kase.
3. Uwimura yarahinduwe cyangwa ikinyamakuru cya shaft cyambarwa kuburyo budasanzwe, bigatuma impuzandengo ya rotor yangirika.
4. Ububiko bwa karubone bukabije muri turbine, cyangwa ibintu byamahanga bigwa muri turbocharger.
5. Kwiyongera kwa compressor birashobora kandi gutera urusaku rudasanzwe.
Uburyo bwo Kurandura
1. Reba neza ibyerekeranye, gusenya no gukora iperereza nibiba ngombwa.
2. Reba ingano yo koga ya rotor, kuyisenya no kugenzura niba ari ngombwa, hanyuma urebe niba byemewe.
3. Gusenya no kugenzura rotor dinamike iringaniye.
4. Kora gusenya, kugenzura no gukora isuku.
5. Kuraho ibintu byo kwiyongera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 19-04-21